Showing posts with label Mining. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mining. Show all posts

How Close Can Oil and Gas Companies Drill to My Home?

oil and gas 300 feet from homes

Oil and gas exploration and drilling are essential components of the global energy industry. However, for homeowners and residents living near potential drilling sites, the question of how close oil and gas companies can drill to their homes is a matter of concern. In this article, we will explore the factors that influence drilling proximity, including regulations, well types, and environmental considerations.

Top 25 Oil & Gas Companies of 2025: Market Cap, Mergers & Trends

oil gas companies size pie chart
Rank Company Ticker / Exchange Market Cap (USD) Segment
1Saudi Aramco2222.SR (Tadawul)$1.67 TrillionIntegrated NOC
2Exxon MobilXOM (NYSE)$495 BillionIntegrated IOC
3ChevronCVX (NYSE)$317 BillionIntegrated IOC
4PetroChina0857.HK (HKEX)$227 BillionState-Owned Upstream
5ShellSHEL (NYSE/LSE)$218 BillionIntegrated IOC
6TotalEnergiesTTE (NYSE/Euronext)$136 BillionIntegrated IOC
7CNOOC0883.HK (HKEX)$126 BillionState-Owned Upstream
8ConocoPhillipsCOP (NYSE)$113 BillionIndependent Upstream
9BPBP (NYSE/LSE)$90 BillionIntegrated IOC
10Sinopec (China Petroleum & Chemical)600028.SS (Shanghai)$89 BillionRefining & Downstream
11ADNOC GasADNOCGAS.AE (ADX)$75 BillionMidstream / Gas
12PetrobrasPBR (NYSE)$74 BillionIntegrated NOC
13Williams CompaniesWMB (NYSE)$74 BillionMidstream / Pipelines
14Enterprise Products PartnersEPD (NYSE)$67 BillionMidstream / Storage
15Canadian Natural ResourcesCNQ (TSX/NYSE)$65 BillionUpstream / Oil Sands
16EquinorEQNR (NYSE/Oslo)$63 BillionIntegrated IOC
17Marathon PetroleumMPC (NYSE)$60 BillionDownstream / Refining
18Kinder MorganKMI (NYSE)$60 BillionMidstream / Pipelines
19EOG ResourcesEOG (NYSE)$59 BillionIndependent Upstream
20Energy TransferET (NYSE)$58 BillionMidstream / Transport
21Phillips 66PSX (NYSE)$55 BillionRefining / Midstream
22EniE (NYSE)$54 BillionIntegrated IOC
23Valero EnergyVLO (NYSE)$53 BillionDownstream / Refining
24SLB (Schlumberger)SLB (NYSE)$53 BillionOilfield Services
25TC EnergyTRP (TSX/NYSE)$53 BillionMidstream / Pipelines

*Market caps are approximate as of October 2025. Source: CompaniesMarketCap, EIA, and public financial filings.*

If you’ve been working off an older table of “top oil and gas companies,” you’ve probably run into three problems: (1) many names were acquired or rebranded, (2) several microcaps were delisted during the 2014–2020 downturn, and (3) market caps have shifted with oil prices, buybacks, and state-partial listings. This article consolidates the current landscape—who the true leaders are in 2025, how they map across the value chain (upstream, integrated, midstream, services), and what changed since our last legacy list from 2014..  


The market-cap leaderboard: who’s on top in 2025

At a high level, the world’s largest oil & gas companies by market value in 2025 include:

  • Saudi Aramco (Tadawul) — the global outlier by scale, with a valuation far above the pack thanks to low lifting costs, giant reserves, and a shareholder-return policy calibrated to crude cycles.

  • Exxon Mobil and Chevron (NYSE) — the two largest U.S. integrated majors, beneficiaries of disciplined capex, Permian exposure, advantaged refining/chemicals, and aggressive buybacks.

  • PetroChina and CNOOC (HK/China listings) — China’s upstream pillars with state alignment and access to domestic and overseas projects.

  • Shell, TotalEnergies, BP, Equinor (Europe) — diversified energy majors balancing upstream, LNG, downstream/chemicals, and selective low-carbon investments.

  • Petrobras (Brazil) and Canadian Natural Resources (Canada) — Petrobras leverages world-class presalt assets; CNQ is a free-cash-flow machine across oil sands and conventional.

  • Midstream leaders such as Enterprise Products, Energy Transfer, Kinder Morgan, Williams, and TC Energy — fee-based cash flows with capex discipline and high payout ratios.

  • High-quality independents: ConocoPhillips, EOG Resources, Pioneer Natural Resources (now consolidated), Occidental (post-Anadarko), and a tier beneath them with focused shale and LNG exposure.

Note: Precise market caps move daily with commodity prices and FX. For the most current figures, validate the ranking against a live market-cap aggregator and, where needed, company investor pages (link below).


What changed since the “legacy” list: five high-impact updates

A lot of names from older tables no longer exist in the same form. The biggest adjustments you should make right now:

  1. Anadarko Petroleum → Occidental (OXY): OXY acquired Anadarko in 2019, creating one of the larger Permian-leaning portfolios and a significant Gulf of Mexico presence.

  2. Noble Energy → Chevron (CVX): Chevron bought Noble in 2020, adding East Med gas and U.S. shale assets.

  3. Encana → Ovintiv (OVV): Encana re-domiciled to the U.S. and rebranded as Ovintiv in 2020, with a portfolio spanning the Permian, Montney, and Anadarko basins.

  4. Talisman Energy → Repsol: Repsol closed the Talisman deal in 2015; the Talisman brand is gone.

  5. Canadian Oil Sands Ltd. → Suncor: COS was rolled into Suncor in 2016; treat all COS references as historical.

Additionally, dozens of microcaps from the prior list were merged, restructured, privatized, or delisted during the last cycle. If you’re curating a public list, it’s better to prioritize investable, liquid names (large/mid caps) and then clearly separate any venture-stage or private companies into a different appendix.


Integrated vs. upstream vs. midstream vs. services: know the roles

  • Integrated majors (IOCs): Exxon Mobil, Chevron, Shell, BP, TotalEnergies, Equinor. They span upstream, LNG, refining, chemicals, and trading. Cash returns are increasingly tied to upstream price realizations plus downstream margins.

  • National oil companies (NOCs), partial listings: Saudi Aramco, PetroChina, CNOOC, Sinopec (China Petroleum & Chemical), ADNOC Gas. These entities often have policy objectives separate from pure return maximization, and their free float can be limited.

  • Large upstream independents: ConocoPhillips, EOG, Occidental, Canadian Natural Resources, Pioneer (now part of an acquirer), Hess (acquired), Suncor, Woodside. They’re typically judged on capital efficiency, decline management, base-and-grow strategies, and disciplined buybacks.

  • Midstream (pipelines, storage, LNG infrastructure): Enterprise Products, Energy Transfer, Kinder Morgan, Williams, TC Energy, Enbridge. Revenue is largely fee-based; distributions matter.

  • Oilfield services & equipment (OFSE): SLB (Schlumberger), Halliburton, Baker Hughes, TechnipFMC. These names leverage global drilling cycles and technology intensity (subsurface, completions, subsea, digital).

Why this matters: if you’re benchmarking “oil & gas companies” without segmenting, you’ll mix structurally different risk/return profiles—confusing both readers and search engines.


LNG, petrochemicals, and the “molecule mix” in 2025

Three trendlines that shape who rises in the rankings:

  1. LNG growth: IOCs and NOCs with advantaged LNG positions (Qatar, U.S. Gulf Coast, Australia, East Med) enjoy multi-year cash flows supported by long-term contracts and flexible spot exposure.

  2. Petrochemicals integration: Refining margins are cyclical; adding chemicals (olefins, aromatics) helps capture value from cheap feedstock and can smooth earnings.

  3. Low-carbon adjacencies: While hydrocarbon cash engines still dominate, many majors maintain measured exposure to CCUS, biofuels, hydrogen, and renewables. Investors track these for policy alignment and optionality—not as primary valuation drivers.


Regional view: where the big caps live—and why

  • Middle East: Aramco (and unlisted NOCs) anchor global supply with low costs and spare capacity. Policy, OPEC+ coordination, and long-term fiscal needs shape dividends and growth.

  • North America: U.S. majors and independents benefit from shale flexibility, deep capital markets, and infrastructure. Canada’s leaders (CNQ, Suncor) generate robust free cash flow from oil sands with improved emissions intensity and reliability.

  • Europe: Shell, BP, TotalEnergies, Equinor combine diversified supply portfolios, trading prowess, and a more explicit low-carbon strategy signaling. Regulatory frameworks and windfall-style taxes can influence net cash returns.

  • Latin America: Petrobras stands out for presalt productivity and low lifting costs; Mexico’s Pemex remains systemically important but is not a pure public comp.

  • Asia-Pacific: Chinese majors (PetroChina, CNOOC, Sinopec) align with national supply security goals; Australia’s Woodside and Santos leverage LNG.

  • Africa: Many producers are state-heavy; listed exposure often comes through IOCs’ project stakes or region-focused independents..


Glossary 

  • Integrated major (IOC): Company spanning exploration/production, LNG, refining, chemicals, and trading.

  • NOC (National Oil Company): State-owned or controlled producer; may have partially listed subsidiaries.

  • Upstream: Exploration and production (E&P) of crude oil and natural gas.

  • Midstream: Transport, storage, and processing (pipelines, gas plants, LNG liquefaction).

  • Downstream: Refining, marketing, and petrochemicals.

  • OFSE: Oilfield services & equipment—drilling, completions, subsurface tech.

  • Market cap: Share price × shares outstanding; a real-time snapshot of equity value that moves with prices and FX.

  • FCF (Free Cash Flow): Cash generated after capex, used for dividends, buybacks, or debt reduction.


Frequently asked questions

Q: Why don’t you include private NOCs in the ranked table?
A: Because most aren’t truly comparable from an equity perspective. They can be gigantic by reserves or output, but without a free float and daily market pricing, you can’t rank them by market cap.

Q: Why do some “smaller” companies outrank asset-rich peers?
A: Valuations reflect margin mix, corporate governance, capital allocation, balance sheets, and investor base. A capital-disciplined E&P with high returns can command a premium to a more leveraged peer with bigger barrels.

Q: How often should I update the list?
A: Quarterly is a practical cadence (post-earnings). If you publish during volatile oil moves, add a note that market caps are indicative and may have shifted intraday.

Q: How are oil and gas companies using technology to stay competitive? 
A: Beyond expanding production, many leading energy companies are investing in digital transformation to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and streamline operations. Companies looking to modernize their operations can learn more about Microsoft business solutions from Tigunia

Where Metals Used For Electric Cars Come From

Electric vehicles (EVs) have become a cornerstone in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions and transition towards sustainable energy. However, the production of these vehicles relies heavily on a variety of metals, each with its own supply chain and environmental implications. This article explores the origins of the key metals used in electric cars, their mining processes, and the associated geopolitical and ecological challenges. 

Understanding Why the U.S. Can’t Fully Utilize Its Oil Production

The United States is the biggest oil producer in the world but trades nearly one-third of the oil it produces for foreign oil. Why can’t we use it ourselves and become energy-independent? The answer is more complicated than you might expect.

Why Are Californians Leaving for Texas?

In recent years, a noticeable trend has emerged with many Californians choosing to relocate to Texas. This migration has captured attention nationwide, prompting discussions about the reasons behind this exodus. Understanding the motivations behind this move requires examining various factors influencing individuals and families. Here's an in-depth look at why Californians are increasingly opting for Texas as their new home. 

Choosing the Best Oil Company: Factors to Consider

Selecting the best oil company is a crucial decision for both consumers and businesses. With numerous options available, it's essential to weigh various factors to make an informed choice. In this article, we will explore the key considerations for determining the best oil company for your specific needs.

1. Reputation and Reliability

How Do You Get Rid of Worthless Land?

Getting rid of worthless land can vary depending on the situation and local regulations. Here are some steps you might consider:

When Will the Earth Run Out of Oil? Why We Will Never Run Out

The availability of oil, a finite natural resource, has long been a subject of concern and debate. As the world's primary source of energy for various industries and transportation, understanding when the earth will run out of oil is critical for planning our energy future and sustainability. In this article, we will delve into the current state of global oil reserves, the factors affecting oil depletion, and the potential alternatives for a greener and more sustainable future.

Do Property Values Increase or Decrease When Drilling is Nearby?

property value

The impact of drilling activities on property values can vary depending on several factors, including the proximity of the drilling site, the type of drilling operation, and the specific circumstances of the property in question. 

7 Tips to Ensure Safe Water for Your Home

water poured into glass

As citizens of a superpowered, first-world nation like the United States, we often pay little attention to basic amenities that are a miracle for other less-fortunate nations. One such thing is water. The labor spent behind getting water from the reservoir to your glass is extensive and follows rigorous standards.

However, even the strongest systems aren’t immune to problems. Nonetheless, there are still things within your control that can contribute to safe drinking water. We have compiled some handy tips to guide you through this.

Understanding Water Pollution

The extent of pollution in water is so insidious that we are paying our water bills to consume poison. The issue stems from the fact that pollutants are difficult to remove from our water supply. As they become diluted, it renders water quality tests inaccurate. This presents a danger to the public as pollutants are still present, albeit in lower concentrations. 

Your water supply could also play a role in determining the pollutants contaminating the water. For instance, groundwater wells become contaminated by poorly maintained landfills and underground storage tanks. 

Even pesticides, oil, chemicals, and airborne pollutants that contaminate surface waters like lakes and rivers can find their way into groundwater. 

Assess Your Water Source 

Your water source will often vary depending on your state and where you live. However, throughout most of the US, a combination of reservoirs like springs, lakes, rainfall, and underwater tables make up most of the supply sources for the average household. 

A small percentage in rural areas or without municipal water supplies receive water from the community or privately owned groundwater wells. 

Knowing this is important to find out the ideal method for water purification. You can contact your local council to answer your queries about possible contaminants and their health risks in the municipal water supply. This will help you decide on an action plan as well as gather people from your community to demand access to clean and safe water. 

Maintaining Water Quality at Home 

This again brings into question your water source. Tap water sourced from the municipality is ideally safe to drink. The Consumer Confidence Report, which summarizes water quality, is released annually to inform you about any impurities that may be present. 

On the flip side, the equation changes for those dependent on groundwater wells. If the wells are privately owned, make sure that a reliable company is responsible for drilling water wells and pump repairs as these stages are the first possible points of water contamination. You will also need to hire a professional privately to verify water quality. 

Other measures include maintenance of the plumbing and installation of water purification equipment. It must be stressed that these approaches are the bare minimum to ensure that you have access to safe drinking water. 

Have Your Water Tested 

This is especially important if you get your water sourced privately as public health agencies aren't responsible for their quality control. Even groundwater wells, usually thought to be pure, can be unsafe for consumption. Furthermore, if you live in an old house with lead pipes, your water is likely to be contaminated with lead and dangerous for drinking. 

Water tests will give you an accurate estimation of the number of contaminants. This includes determining the presence of bacteria, arsenic, and other chemicals. 

Depending on the complexity of the test, you expect to spend anywhere from fifty to several hundred dollars. Nevertheless, these costs mitigate the long-term risks of drinking contaminated water. Keep in mind that nothing is worth more than your health and that of your loved ones. 

Install a Filter 

With the advent of modern technology, there are currently numerous methods to ensure safe drinking water. If the quality control tests have come out clean, you can enjoy your tap water as it is. However, for households with young children, elderly or immunocompromised members, water filters are a wise addition. 

Following a water test that reveals the presence of contaminants, it is best to purify your water before use. There are multiple types of filters available. 

One such filter is the point-of-entry filter that removes rust, sediment, metals, and chemicals before the water enters your home. An alternate option is a point-of-use filter, which will purify the water before you use it. For large-scale water purification, you can choose to use an under-sink purifier. 

Before you select a filter, determine the contaminants that you want to filter out based on your water quality report as well as your budget. The two most common ways filters work are reverse osmosis and activated carbon 

Activated carbon works by removing chlorine and metals like copper, mercury, and zinc, in addition to sediment. However, you will have to change the filters often. Reverse osmosis also filters out sodium, calcium, potassium, fluoride, and even lead. 

A multi-barrier approach is the most recommended method of water purification as the water undergoes a multi-step process before reaching your glass. This is ideal for households with a water source on their property. This combines the process of sedimentation, chemical sterilization, and filtration followed by storage. 

Plumbing Maintenance 

It is good to familiarize yourself with the common types of pipes available to better understand whether plumbing is affecting your water supply. 

PEX (Cross-linked Polyethylene)- A popular choice among residential buildings given their reasonable price, ease of use, and compatibility with both hot and cold water. 

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) - The most popular pipe on the market and the cheapest. However, it is only equipped for cold water as the hot water can erode the plastic. 

CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)- Similar to PVC pipes; however, these can handle both cold and hot water. 

Galvanized metal- Homes built before the '70s without major renovations are likely to be made of galvanized iron or even steel. 

Copper- An expensive material easily recognized by the characteristic color, it is more likely to be in old homes rather than newer ones. 

Despite these pipe materials being common, most residents are more concerned about the presence of lead in their pipes. Fortunately, most modern homes no longer use lead pipes. But there are some exceptions to this. 

Supply pipes that bring municipal water from the large pipes underground to your house are made of lead. In addition, metal pipes in houses before 1986 are highly likely to have lead in the solder which joins them. 

In order to reaffirm any suspicions that you may have regarding the presence of lead, seek help from a licensed plumber and request an inspection. If it reveals lead in your pipes, you will have to go for repiping your house.

Until you replace your pipes, here are a few tips to reduce the lead in your water and avoid consumption: 

  1. Turn on your cold tap to run off all the water that has collected overnight since this contains the most amount of lead. A sinkful should be adequate. Reuse that water for your plants instead.
  2. Drink bottled water.
  3. Flush your toilet, which has the same effect as the running tap.
  4. Avoid shaking or damaging the lead pipes as this causes more lead to mix into the water. 

Irrespective of the presence of lead, an annual inspection will reveal any issues with plumbing such as leaks, broken fixtures, corrosion, etc. as well as give you the advice to correct them. This will save you from more expensive renovations if such defects were hidden.

Water Use in Your House 

The way water is used in your house is another factor that plays into water pollution. You can contribute to keeping your water supply clean and healthy. Here are some ways to achieve that: 

  1. Use organic and environment-friendly cleaning products. This includes soaps. Try your local-big box store to find them. Read product labels and avoid those containing triclosan, which is a cancer-causing chemical compound and also damages aquatic organisms.
  2. Synthetic pesticides and lawn treatment chemicals are also a source of pollution. Ask your lawn treatment company and exterminator for more eco-friendly options.
  3. Expired drugs and medicines aren’t only harmful to your body but also to water. Therefore, avoid dumping them down the drain. Instead, dispose of them safely through a designated government drug collection program.
  4. Your storm drains aren't designed to be used for motor oils, cleaning products, and other chemicals. 
These seemingly insignificant acts can lead to a snowball effect that can have devastating consequences on the environment.  Subsequently, think twice about what you are washing down the drain. 

Conclusion 

Despite countrywide efforts to ensure that tap water is suitable for consumption across all states of the US, there are still marginalized communities and rural areas that don’t have access to basic amenities like safe drinking water. 

Access to safe water is a basic human right, and we should all play our part to ensure that. Water quality maintenance can be a taxing process, but the results are worth the effort, especially in order to avoid long-term health risks. 

The surprising role of plastics in the oil and drilling industry

oil refinery

Although environmental agencies have tried to raise awareness both of climate change and plastic pollution, the two are usually treated as separate problems. But what few people know is that plastic pollution is not only a matter of waste, cleanliness, and sea life preservation. In reality, plastics are linked to climate change. In the past two decades, the global demand for plastics has doubled, which might have helped the economy, but it had dramatic consequences for our planet. For example, in the US (which already produces more plastic per capita than any other country), most throwaway plastic packaging ends up overflowing landfills. But it can take up to 500 years to decompose, and, in the meantime, it releases toxic pollutants in the soil, which then end up in crops, are eaten by animals, and ultimately end up on our plate. If you threw away a plastic toy when you were little, that toy is probably still in a landfill today. 

In oceans, the situation is even more dire. It is estimated that over 8 million tons of plastics end up in the oceans every year, making up for around 80% of all marine debris. If we don’t take action, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050. It may sound scary or implausible, but that is where we are headed.

So, what does this have to do with the oil and gas industry? 

First of all, lots of plastics are by-products of fracking. Low-cost plastic is produced from ethane, which is a by-product of the crude oil extracted from the ground. It didn’t always use to be this way. In the past, the raw materials used to make plastic were more expensive, but when fracking became increasingly popular in the US, companies realized that they could also manufacture plastic packaging for next to nothing. But the problem with these cheap plastics is that they’re extremely hard to recycle. Most of it ends up in items such as packaging films, which are rejected by many recycling centers. We even have a name for it: frackaging. 

Frackaging is particularly dangerous because its entire lifecycle is incredibly energy-intensive: they require a lot of energy when ethane is extracted, when they are processed, transported, and ultimately recycled, if they even get there. Every year, this process gives off as many emissions as two hundred coal power plants, so it doesn’t come as a surprise that the effects are already starting to be felt in the quality of the air we breathe and in fluctuating global temperatures. 

To stop global warming before it’s too late, humanity needs to cut CO2 emissions by 45% in the following nine years, but the existing plastic might prevent us from doing that. The plastic that has already been released into the environment continues to decompose unless it’s recycled, but studies show that, in the US, only 9% of plastic waste ends up being recycled. 

The picture isn’t as dire across the globe. Other countries, such as Sweden, have found solutions for hard-to-recycle materials. For example, compressed expanded polystyrene (EPS6), which is used in transportation, is a type of cellular plastic that can now be recycled with an EPS machine, which not only reduces its impact on the environment but also boosts profit. 

Currently, there are few facilities that recycle “frackaging”. That’s because they’re not exactly cheap to set up, and there’s not a high demand for it, although it can be reused, like many other plastics. 

In the following years, the widespread availability of electric vehicles could create additional challenges. As electric vehicles are becoming cheaper, easier to find, and more autonomous, the demand for petrol-powered vehicles is falling. Oil and gas companies now have to adapt and, in the future, it would not be surprising to see them use excess fuel to make plastics. But if we don’t have an infrastructure in place to recycle those plastics, then pollution could become an even bigger problem, and, ultimately, that could fast forward climate change.

According to one estimate, carbon dioxide emissions from plastics could triple by 2050, and the growing plastic production might have a major role in that. What is even more worrying is that many plastics produced during fracking are sent directly to incineration and that releases tons of CO2 into the atmosphere. Additionally, fracking is highly dangerous for the environment. Fracking gives off methane, a greenhouse gas. The more we produce methane, the more obvious its implications become. For example, studies have shown that, in just twenty years, methane can trap up to 84 times more CO2 in the atmosphere than CO2. And it doesn’t stop there. To operate the drilling equipment, we need fuel. In total, the entire process produces incredible amounts of CO2. For example, in 2015, the US produced over 10.5 million tons of carbon dioxide, which is the equivalent to the emissions given off by 2 million cars. To add to that, an extra 5.9 million tons of CO2 were produced by incinerating plastic by-products, which is the equivalent of heating 680,000 homes.

What can we do to stop carbon emissions from plastics?

Plastic pollution is a complex issue that can’t just be solved overnight, and the fact that it’s intertwined with the oil and gas industry makes it all the more difficult to address. But, even though they’re not simple to implement or follow through on, solutions do exist.

For example, one goal is to cut the use of petroleum-based plastic packaging by half by 2030 and then slowly phase it out by 2050. This would enable us to keep carbon emissions under control. But, in order for it to work, non-essential petroleum-based plastics should also be removed, and, instead, we should replace them with eco-friendlier disposable plastics. 

Ideally, experts talk about replacing plastic packaging with biodegradable materials such as corn starch, but an extensive study on their feasibility in the industrial sector hasn’t been conducted yet.

There is also the issue of energy consumption during cryptocurrency mining. It is necessary to buy litecoin, bitcoin and others consciously. 

Abandoned Oil Well Blowout or Pipeline Break in Wilmington?

Wilmington oil spill map

Why Is Oil Seeping From Ground in Wilmington?  Why did they first think it was water?  

Later they realized it was an oil spill.  Is this from a blowout of an abandoned or capped well?  See full story on CBS LA

Top 5 Best Research Topics in Petroleum Engineering

A lot for research is going on in the petroleum-engineering field due to massive investments in research. Petroleum engineering materials and topics for students are available. In various authoritative websites; however, finding the best topics in the field is not as easy as it sounds. Students with engineering homework assignments should do adequate research to interesting, informative, and helpful find topics.


Research ideas, proposals, materials, titles, seminars, and papers on the petroleum-engineering field are available for students, as long as they know how to find them through search engines. As a student or blogger, you can find tons of interesting and informative topics to write about in this field. The top 5 best topics in petroleum engineering are:


According to one research paper, the mix of drilling chemicals used as drilling fluid re-circulates within the drilling well to keep the lubricating agents in good condition. Therefore, it is important to keep the drilling apparatus in good working order by maintaining their pressure and temperature. In addition, the drilling fluid helps prevent damage to the drilling tools.
Due to differences in the pressure level, the drilling fluid might run out due to cracks within the machinery. Sugarcane fluid can actually prevent drainage of the drilling fluid. This is a great topic to research and write about if you are doing a paper on petroleum engineering.


Many oil reservoirs have relatively young and poorly coordinated sediments. Essentially, in the process of extracting oil, sand comes along with the fluids. Some petroleum companies end up reducing their output to deal with this problem, which can lead to many production issues, such as erosion of down-hole valves, tubes, and surface flow lines.

Due to the lack of formation support, sand production can also lead to collapsed casings. Therefore, it is important to avoid or minimize sand production without minimizing or reducing oil production rates. Companies employ different methods to control this problem, but the most effective solution is the use of gravel packing. This is a great topic to research and write about; therefore, students and professional writers should do more research on the topic.

3.      Reservoir Simulation

The flow of fluid in a petroleum reservoir is quite complicated, which is why it is so hard to come up with analytical and effective solutions for practical problems. This topic covers things like fluid flow behavior and numerical explanations to problems using a simulator. Petroleum engineers use reservoir simulation to predict the future performance or output of petroleum well systems to allow for intelligent and effective decisions.


This is one of the most important topics in petroleum engineering. Petroleum production modeling and optimization are critical when it comes to efficient management of a petroleum production well. Accurate estimates of the bottom-hole pressure are important in the oil exploration process because they are helpful in doing an accurate and realistic analysis of petroleum engineering.

This analysis often includes studies on inflow performance and vertical lift performance. When it comes to determining the bottom-hole pressure, petroleum companies can either measure or make an estimate. They do measurements using a pressure gauge, which is time-consuming and expensive. Any topic on flowing bottom-hole pressure estimation should be interesting as well as interesting.

5.       Microcontroller Based LPG Leakage Detention

This petroleum-engineering topic is all about designing and building a microcontroller based LPG leakage detecting tool using a GSM module. The module can detect gas leakage and send instant alerts to a specified number informing the petroleum engineer about the leakage.

There are many interesting topics to research, understand write/or about in the field of petroleum engineering. If you are a student or professional writer seeking information about the top 5 best research topics in petroleum engineering, this article should give you ideas of the best and most interesting topics in the field.

The Production Process of Heavy Oil



Today, there are many resources where people can acquire heavy oil. It is the challenges these people have to undergo into how to get it. Heavy oil is extracted from the known process called mining. They mine the heavy crude extracting them to produce crude oil. The producers we encounter today have aligned their processes with the new technology to come up with a more efficient, safe, and convenient way of getting the oil to the market.

The stability of the market is where the assets of heavy oil are dependent. The business is steady for more than 50 years as long as they extract products from wells. They have been experiencing queries if the production of the media is still feasible. Regardless, heavy oil remains a long-term solution for global energy needs and an effective marketing strategy in introducing and utilizing world-class valves.

Understanding the Heavy Oil Media

Heavy oil is defined as a type of crude oil. They are identified as a complex amalgam whose compounds have a high molecular weight. From hydrocarbon deposits which are being degraded by algae, the formation of heavy oils is made possible. The results show how they lose the lighter hydrocarbon fractions which resulted in the remaining heavier fractions. They are identified as liquid petroleum with characteristics ranging from 20° API gravity or more than 200 cp viscosity varying on the conditions of the source. 
The viscosity of heavy oil measures more than 100 centipoises in which this factor defines how easy the flow of media would be. Oils are classified into three depending on their measure of viscosity; conventional, heavy oil, and oil sands. According to the Americal Petroleum Institute (API), the high specific gravity heavy oil exhibits range from 10 to 20 degrees. They feature high carbon residues, heavy metal, sulfur, low hydrogen-to-carbon ratios, nitrogen, and high levels of asphaltenes creating a viscous nature.  
The physical attributes of heavy oil are due to its components. This is both an advantage and disadvantage in terms of production reviewing all the economic and technological challenges they face. In production, the heavier the oil, the more difficult they are to extract. With all the processes they have to undergo, extracting heavy oil is known to be complex and expensive.

Method of Recovery

The production of heavy oil is not as easy as it seems regardless if the reservoir is identified. They conduct researches, tests, and evaluations to determine the most convenient and safe way of extracting the media. The operations require pipelines, supporting equipment, and people to have them all done. With the help of the products of technology, they came up and develop a more environmental-friendly means of recovery.

How do productions begin? They start right after they have determined the ability of the heavy oil to flow naturally from underground upwards with the help of high pressure. This is called a natural recovery or primary recovery. It may seem unusual but at some point, these circumstances do occur. They remain dependent on the pressure and temperature of the reservoir, natural properties of the heavy oil, and the drive mechanism. 
Another procedure used in extraction is secondary recovery. They are used as a booster that will make the recovery from a reservoir more effective. Because of the low success rate of the secondary recovery, they remain to be plan B in the process of extraction. They undergo reinjection of either gas or water nearest to the well maintaining the pressure underground.

Suggested Valves Used

The suggested valves for the production of heavy oil require the ability to keep up with high pressure and temperature, quality-based composition, and throttling services. That is why they seek top-performing gate valve manufacturers in India, China, and the USA to support their operations. One of which is XHVAL, a China-based industrial valve manufacturer for 33 years. They align their products with what more can the advanced technology offer to develop the features of industrial valves.

For regulating and halting the transfer of heavy oil, industrial valves, like gate valves, are highly suggested. Their quality is exemplary considering they can withstand changes in pressure and temperature. The choice of material should be well-evaluated. They are not that different but considering how they can keep up with the requirements for mining operations is impressive.

Valves in mining operations work when sand and oil is incorporated with water. They use specified chemicals to part the sand particles from the oil. With the number of industrial valves in the market, not all can be remotely operated. Engage in extensive research about what more can valve offer in the mining industry. This way, you get to have an idea about its ideal sizes, material compositions, and types. 

Conclusion

The production process of heavy oil is very complex, to begin with. Ensure that they are supported with components that are of the best quality. Compromising the equipment is risky considering that repairs and replacement will just increase the costs. Heavy oils are not produced in a snap. They undergo process over process extracted from reliable underground sources. As one of the natural resources, we are given a supplemental source of energy to fulfill the energy needs across the globe.

Why Did Jerry Brown Use State Regulators to Look for Oil on Williams, CA Family Ranch?

Oil & Gas Drilling Map of Jerry Brown's Family Ranch and Oil Drilling 15 Miles Easy

Oil & Gas Drilling Map of Jerry Brown's Family Ranch and Oil Drilling 15 Miles

According to state records, Governor Jerry Brown instructed oil and gas regulators to conduct research and provide information regarding the mining and oil drilling history, as well as the potential for future oil and gas activities, at his family's ranch in Colusa County. In response to the governor's request, senior staff members at the regulatory agency worked over a two-day period to produce a comprehensive 51-page report and geological assessment of the property. Additionally, they created a personalized satellite-imaged map outlining the geological features and oil and gas drilling possibilities in the vicinity of the ranch.

The map, titled "Oil and Gas Potential In West Colusa County" and labeled "JB_Ranch" in reference to the Brown family land, was provided to the governor along with the research findings. Ultimately, the regulators concluded that the likelihood of any commercial drilling or mining at the 2,700-acre property was very low. Governor Brown, who claimed to own a 27 percent stake in the ranch, expressed interest in understanding its history and geology rather than pursuing oil and gas extraction, according to his spokesperson.

The research conducted by state regulators and the emails exchanged among senior officials were obtained through the state's open records law by The Associated Press. The use of public resources for personal purposes is prohibited by state law, regardless of the individual's intentions. Critics, such as Hollin Kretzmann from the Center for Biological Diversity, argued that the governor effectively utilized state workers as his own private oil prospecting team. However, both Brown's aides and state oil regulators defended the work as a legitimate and lawful use of public resources, similar to what would be provided to the general public.

The AP requested examples of similar oil and gas research done by state workers for private individuals rather than for public purposes. The governor's office provided three examples, including research conducted for the city of Los Angeles and Santa Barbara Channelkeeper, a non-governmental organization. The third example consisted of drilling records provided to an unidentified private property owner, indicating that future drilling in the area was unlikely.

Oil industry professionals interviewed by the AP stated that they were not aware of any instances where state regulators conducted similar research, analysis, and mapping for private individuals. Evaluating the oil and gas potential of private properties is not typically within the scope of the regulatory agency's responsibilities. While historical oil field records are accessible to the public, obtaining comprehensive assessments and reports like the ones provided to Governor Brown is uncommon.

According to the spokesperson for the oil and gas agency, state officials have the same access to public records as any member of the public under state law.

List of Largest Oil & Gas Drilling Companies Ranked by Size

List of Companies Around the World (Some Not Publicly Traded Companies)

# Publicly Traded Oil Companies  Market Cap 
1 Royal Dutch Shell Plc Class A  $ 227,390,000,000
2 Petrochina Company Ltd Ads Rep 100 H  $ 197,150,000,000
3 BP Plc  $ 159,910,000,000
4 Total SA  $ 147,710,000,000
5 China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation  $ 103,070,000,000
6 Eni Spa Roma  $    88,790,000,000
7 Conocophillips  $    84,110,000,000
8 Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras  $    78,270,000,000
9 Occidental Petroleum Corporation  $    74,340,000,000
10 Cnooc Ltd  $    69,310,000,000
11 Eog Resources Incorporated  $    52,470,000,000
12 Canadian Natural Resources Ltd  $    45,100,000,000
13 Anadarko Petroleum Corporation  $    42,580,000,000
14 Canadian Natural Resources Ltd  $    40,670,000,000
15 Sasol Ltd  $    37,250,000,000
16 Apache Corporation  $    32,150,000,000
17 Husky Energy Incorporated  $    32,130,000,000
18 Husky Energy Incorporated Cad  $    28,860,000,000
19 Hess Corporation  $    26,470,000,000
20 Devon Energy Corporation New  $    26,070,000,000
21 Pioneer Natural Resource Company  $    25,710,000,000
22 Noble Energy Incorporated  $    24,360,000,000
23 Marathon Oil Corporation  $    23,870,000,000
24 Cenovus Energy W.I  $    23,080,000,000
25 Continental Resources Incorporated  $    22,120,000,000
26 Cenovus Energy Incorporated  $    20,830,000,000
27 Antero Resources Corporation  $    17,160,000,000
28 Encana Corporation  $    17,150,000,000
29 Chesapeake Energy Corporation  $    16,540,000,000
30 Seadrill Ltd  $    16,070,000,000
31 Crescent Point Energy Corporation  $    15,920,000,000
32 Southwestern Energy Company  $    15,890,000,000
33 Encana Corporation  $    15,480,000,000
34 Transocean Ltdswitzerland New  $    15,130,000,000
35 Eqt Corporation  $    14,480,000,000
36 Crescent Point Energy Corporation  $    14,360,000,000
37 Range Resources Corporation  $    13,850,000,000
38 Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation  $    13,450,000,000
39 Concho Resources Incorporated  $    12,440,000,000
40 Ensco Plc  $    12,040,000,000
41 Talisman Energy  $    11,440,000,000
42 Helmerich & Payne Incorporated  $    11,420,000,000
43 Canadian Oil Sands LTD.  $    10,950,000,000
44 Western Gas Equity Partners LP  $    10,340,000,000
45 Talisman Energy Incorporated  $    10,310,000,000
46 Cimarex Energy Company  $      9,980,000,000
47 Canadian Oil Sands  $      9,900,000,000
48 Tourmaline Oil CORP.  $      9,830,000,000
49 Arc Resources LTD.  $      9,250,000,000
50 Linn Energy Llc  $      9,010,000,000
51 Tourmaline Oil Corporation  $      8,860,000,000
52 Arc Resources Ltd  $      8,320,000,000
53 Whiting Petroleum Corporation  $      8,100,000,000
54 Meg Energy CORP.  $      7,980,000,000
55 Cobalt International Energy Incorporated  $      7,520,000,000
56 Meg Energy Corporation  $      7,200,000,000
57 Vermilion Energy Incorporated  $      7,090,000,000
58 Lundin Petroleum AB  $      7,010,000,000
59 Nabors Industries Ltd  $      6,980,000,000
60 Vermilion Energy Incorporated  $      6,390,000,000
61 Lundin Petroleum AB  $      6,320,000,000
62 Pacific Rubiales J  $      6,000,000,000
63 Denbury Resources Incorporated  $      5,760,000,000
64 Energen Corporation  $      5,730,000,000
65 Gulfport Energy Corporation  $      5,670,000,000
66 Baytex Energy CORP.  $      5,610,000,000
67 Peyto Exploration & Development  $      5,530,000,000
68 Pacific Rubiales Egy  $      5,400,000,000
69 Qep Resources Incorporated  $      5,200,000,000
70 Baytex Energy Corporation New  $      5,060,000,000
71 Peyto Exploration & Devel  $      4,980,000,000
72 EP Energy Corporation  $      4,810,000,000
73 SM Energy Company  $      4,680,000,000
74 Paramount Resources Ltd New  $      4,510,000,000
75 Patterson-uti Energy Incorporated  $      4,360,000,000
76 Enerplus Corporation  $      4,340,000,000
77 Epsilon Engy Ltd Dbj  $      4,220,000,000
78 Kosmos Energy Ltd  $      4,220,000,000
79 New Field Exploration Company  $      4,150,000,000
80 Rowan Companies Incorporated  $      4,090,000,000
81 Penn West Petroleum Ltd New  $      4,070,000,000
82 Paramount Resources Ltd  $      4,060,000,000
83 Oasis Petroleum Incorporated  $      4,050,000,000
84 Enerplus Resources Fund New  $      3,910,000,000
85 Ultra Petroleum Corporation  $      3,900,000,000
86 Wpx Energy Incorporated  $      3,550,000,000
87 Gibson Energy Incorporated  $      3,510,000,000
88 Laredo Petroleum Incorporated  $      3,470,000,000
89 Pengrowth Energy  $      3,470,000,000
90 Rice Energy Incorporated  $      3,470,000,000
91 Linn Company Llc  $      3,390,000,000
92 Transatlantic Pet Company US  $      3,390,000,000
93 Precision Drilling Corporation  $      3,340,000,000
94 Diamondback Energy Commmon Stock  $      3,280,000,000
95 Unit Corporation  $      3,170,000,000
96 Gibson Energy  $      3,160,000,000
97 Pengrowth Energycorp New  $      3,130,000,000
98 Athabasca Oil Corporation J  $      3,120,000,000
99 Interoil Corporation  $      3,110,000,000
100 Kodiak Oil & Gas Corporation  $      3,050,000,000
101 Sandridge Energy Incorporated  $      3,040,000,000
102 Bonavista Energy  $      2,960,000,000
103 Rosetta Resources Incorporated  $      2,880,000,000
104 Athlon Energy Incorporated  $      2,870,000,000
105 Athabasca Oil Corporation  $      2,820,000,000
106 Africa Oil Corporation  $      2,660,000,000
107 Bonavista Energy  $      2,660,000,000
108 Whitecap Resources J  $      2,470,000,000
109 Ensign Energy Services Incorporated  $      2,450,000,000
110 Africa Oil Corporation  $      2,410,000,000
111 Tesoro Logistics LP  $      2,370,000,000
112 Breitburn Energy Partners LP Common  $      2,360,000,000
113 Vanguard Natural Resources Llc  $      2,360,000,000
114 Carrizo Oil & Gas Incorporated  $      2,330,000,000
115 Ocean Rig Udw Incorporated  $      2,310,000,000
116 Pacific Drilling SA  $      2,260,000,000
117 Ensign Energy Services  $      2,210,000,000
118 Gran Tierra Energy J  $      2,200,000,000
119 Rsp Permian Incorporated  $      2,100,000,000
120 Pdc Energy Incorporated  $      2,090,000,000
121 Stone Energy Corporation  $      2,010,000,000
122 Gran Tierra Energy Incorporated  $      1,980,000,000
123 Aurora OIL&GAS Ord J  $      1,880,000,000
124 Bonanza Creek Energy Incorporated  $      1,880,000,000
125 Aurora Oil & Gas Ltd  $      1,670,000,000
126 Bonterra Energy Corporation  $      1,660,000,000
127 Energy Xxi Ltd Bermuda  $      1,650,000,000
128 EV Energy Partners LP Common Rep  $      1,620,000,000
129 Freehold Royalties  $      1,590,000,000
130 Matador Resources Company  $      1,590,000,000
131 Halcon Resources Corporation  $      1,560,000,000
132 Trinidad Drilling Ltd Units  $      1,560,000,000
133 Birchcliff Energy  $      1,540,000,000
134 Bellatrix Exploration Ltd  $      1,510,000,000
135 Epl Oil & Gas Incorporated  $      1,510,000,000
136 Raging River Exploration Incorporated  $      1,510,000,000
137 Bonterra Energy Corporation  $      1,500,000,000
138 Sanchez Energy Corporation  $      1,480,000,000
139 Legacy Reserves LP Rep Ltd Partn  $      1,450,000,000
140 Freehold Royalty  $      1,440,000,000
141 Kelt Exploration Ltd J  $      1,410,000,000
142 Trinidad Drilling Light  $      1,410,000,000
143 Exco Resources Incorporated  $      1,400,000,000
144 Birchcliff Energ New  $      1,390,000,000
145 Bankers Petroleum J  $      1,380,000,000
146 Bellatrix Exploration Ltd Ordin  $      1,360,000,000
147 Magnum Hunter Resources Corporation  $      1,360,000,000
148 Raging Riv Exploration Incorporated  $      1,350,000,000
149 Seadrill Partners Llc  $      1,320,000,000
150 Memorial Production Partners LP  $      1,260,000,000
151 Bankers Petroleum Light  $      1,250,000,000
152 W&T Offshore Incorporated  $      1,250,000,000
153 Atlas Resource Partners LP  $      1,240,000,000
154 Bill Barrett Corporation  $      1,210,000,000
155 Kelt Exploration  $      1,210,000,000
156 Clayton Williams Energy Incorporated  $      1,160,000,000
157 Lightstream Resources Ltd  $      1,120,000,000
158 Surge Energy INC. J  $      1,100,000,000
159 Legacy Oil + Gas Incorporated  $      1,090,000,000
160 Nuvista Energy Ltd  $      1,080,000,000
161 Penn Virginia Corporation  $      1,070,000,000
162 Torc Oil & Gas Ltd  $      1,070,000,000
163 Petrobras Argentina SA  $      1,060,000,000
164 QR Energy LP  $      1,030,000,000
165 Parex Resources J  $      1,020,000,000
166 Comstock Resources Incorporated  $      1,010,000,000
167 Lightstream Resources  $      1,010,000,000
168 Crew Energy Incorporated  $      1,000,000,000
169 Wellstar Energy New  $          989,720,000
170 Doxa Energy Ltd  $          988,818,000
171 Sagres Energy Incorporated  $          978,365,000
172 Lariat Energy Ltd  $          976,050,000
173 Petroleum Viking Energy  $          968,320,000
174 Tallgrass Energy Cor  $          966,096,000
175 Cypress Hills Resource Corporation  $          961,250,000
176 Brandenburg Energy Corporation  $          961,070,000
177 Trincan Capital Corporation  $          960,795,000
178 Summus Solutions NV  $          944,397,000
179 Petroleum Viking Energy Incorporated  $          907,800,000
180 Bucking Horse Energy  $          904,160,000
181 Firebird Energy Incorporated  $          902,400,000
182 Golden Cariboo Resources Ltd  $          900,705,000
183 Arctic Hunter Energy Incorporated  $          899,100,000
184 Century Energy Ltd  $          889,316,000
185 Wescan Energy Corporation  $          872,365,000
186 Pacific Paradym Egy  $          870,519,000
187 Argosy Energy Incorporated  $          822,450,000
188 Alston Energy Incorporated  $          817,260,000
189 Newton Energy Corporation  $          816,630,000
190 Landdrill International Incorporated  $          815,450,000
191 Pennine Petroleum Corporation  $          803,100,000
192 Tanager Energy Incorporated  $          775,264,000
193 Twoco Petroleums Ltd  $          771,860,000
194 Tudor Corporation Ltd  $          770,275,000
195 Gordon Creek Energy  $          752,100,000
196 Knol Resources Corporation  $          740,480,000
197 Cascadia Resources Incorporated  $          739,300,000
198 New Klondike Exploration Ltd  $          736,920,000
199 Caspian Energy Incorporated  $          736,704,000
200 Softrock Minerals Light  $          736,529,000
201 Rodinia Oil Corporation  $          708,866,000
202 Rockbridge Resources Incorporated  $          681,302,000
203 Wind Riv Energy Cor  $          679,060,000
204 Loon Energy Corporation  $          672,281,000
205 Rockbridge Resources Incorporated  $          639,720,000
206 Xxl Energy Corporation  $          631,011,000
207 Canadian Imperial Venture Corporation  $          625,960,000
208 Bnp Resources INC. CL.A  $          619,120,000
209 Quanta Resources Incorporated  $          617,670,000
210 Adira Energy Ltd  $          602,600,000
211 United Hunter Oil and Gas Corporation  $          601,515,000
212 Desmarais Energy Corporation  $          597,440,000
213 Adira Energy Canada  $          596,574,000
214 Birch Lake Energy Incorporated  $          581,800,000
215 Knol Resources  $          579,283,000
216 Curlew Lake Resources Incorporated  $          556,410,000
217 Loma Oil and Gas Ltd  $          539,160,000
218 Albion Petroleum Ltd  $          538,450,000
219 North American Potash Developmen  $          526,125,000
220 Abington Resources Ltd  $          513,950,000
221 Nordic Oil & Gas  $          513,172,000
222 Monarch Energy Ltd  $          509,260,000
223 Vangold Resources Ltd  $          508,400,000
224 Polar Resources Corporation  $          503,280,000
225 Big Sky Petroleum  $          491,508,000
226 Gulf Shores Resources Ltd  $          490,360,000
227 Big Sky Petroleum Corporation  $          485,440,000
228 Palo Duro Energy Incorporated  $          483,270,000
229 Polar Resources Corporation  $          476,571,000
230 American Naturl Ener  $          475,290,000
231 Tallgrass Energy Corporation  $          474,740,000
232 Statesman Resources  $          469,230,000
233 North American Potas  $          455,975,000
234 New Sage Egy Corporation  $          455,840,000
235 Valparaiso Energy Incorporated  $          447,330,000
236 Idaho Natural Resources Corporation  $          428,090,000
237 Wescan Energy Corporation  $          416,051,000
238 Admiral Bay Resources INC.  $          411,360,000
239 Monarch Energy Ltd  $          407,408,000
240 Vangold Resources  $          406,720,000
241 Guardian Exploration Incorporated  $          372,380,000
242 Vecta Energy Corporation  $          368,350,000
243 Skope Energy INC. J  $          362,570,000
244 Softrock Minerals Ltd  $          356,385,000
245 Opal Energy Corporation  $          338,949,000
246 Abington Resources  $          328,928,000
247 Santa Maria Petroleum  $          327,175,000
248 Golden Coast Energy Corporation  $          319,800,000
249 Amg Bioenergy  $          319,785,000
250 Petroleum Basin Energy Corporation  $          315,480,000
251 Canadian Imp Vent Company  $          312,980,000
252 Statesman Resources Ltd  $          312,820,000
253 Western Plains Petroleum Ltd  $          310,080,000
254 Deloro Resources Ltd  $          306,595,000
255 Opal Energy Corporation  $          304,185,000
256 New Klondike Explor  $          302,137,000
257 Gulf Shores Resource  $          294,216,000
258 New Sage Energy Corporation Common  $          284,900,000
259 Trafina Energy Ltd Cl-a  $          278,455,000
260 Golden Coast Energy  $          263,835,000
261 Brookwater Ventures Incorporated  $          261,400,000
262 Brixton Energy Corporation  $          259,390,000
263 Curlew Lake Resource  $          239,256,000
264 Detector Exploration Ltd  $          238,380,000
265 Nwest Energy Corporation  $          236,850,000
266 Proam Explorations Corporation  $          234,900,000
267 Sundance Energy Corporation  $          233,970,000
268 Vecta Energy Corporation  $          221,010,000
269 Stealth Ventures Incorporated  $          217,680,000
270 Match Capital Resources Corporation  $          215,375,000
271 True Grit Resources Ltd  $          210,730,000
272 Sundance Energy Corporation  $          201,214,000
273 Galileo Petroleum Ltd  $          194,980,000
274 Poplar Creek Resources Incorporated  $          193,955,000
275 Nwest Energy Corporation  $          189,480,000
276 Stealth Ventures Incorporated  $          181,763,000
277 First Star Resources Incorporated  $          164,680,000
278 Exchequer Resource Corporation  $          140,085,000
279 Paloma Resources Incorporated  $          132,310,000
280 Mount Dakota Energy Corporation  $          126,900,000
281 Deloro Resources Ltd  $          122,638,000
282 Petroglobe Incorporated  $          116,080,000
283 Galileo Petroleum  $          115,038,000
284 Flying A Petroleum Ltd  $          108,425,000
285 Underground Energy  $          102,451,000
286 Guardian Exploration Incorporated  $            74,476,000
287 Tudor Ltd  $            67,784,000
288 Acadian Energy Incorporated  $            62,650,000
289 First Star Resources Incorporated  $            57,638,000
290 Flying A Petroleum Ltd  $            43,370,000
291 Montello Resources L  $            39,865,000
292 Fairwest Energy Corporation  $            31,966,000
293 Mount Dakota Energy  $            16,920,000
294 Bucking Horse Energ  $            15,823,000
295 Surge Energy Incorporated  $                  995,150
296 Legacy Oil Gas  $                  968,680
297 Torc Oil & Gas  $                  957,340
298 Parex Resources  $                  923,970
299 Rex Energy Corporation  $                  920,520
300 Contango Oil & Gas Incorporated  $                  914,320
301 Crew Energy Incorporated  $                  904,600
302 Ithaca Energy INC.  $                  898,010
303 Camac Energy Incorporated  $                  889,460
304 Blackpearl Resources Incorporated J  $                  867,350
305 Northern Oil and Gas Incorporated  $                  863,470
306 Advantage Oil & Gas  $                  843,790
307 Rmp Energy INC. J  $                  833,840
308 Parker Drilling Company  $                  833,100
309 Approach Resources Incorporated  $                  803,330
310 Dorchester Minerals LP  $                  797,240
311 Ithaca Energy Incorporated  $                  786,980
312 Pioneer Energy Services Corporation  $                  780,470
313 Twin Butte Energy J  $                  778,620
314 Blackpearl Resources Incorporated  $                  775,700
315 Rmp Energy Incorporated  $                  762,370
316 Advantage Oil & Gas Ltd  $                  760,930
317 Painted Pony Petroleum Ltd  $                  759,550
318 Synergy Resources Corporation  $                  755,360
319 Deethree Exploration LTD. J  $                  743,240
320 Oando Energy Resources Incorporated  $                  735,590
321 Hercules Offshore Incorporated  $                  727,400
322 Western Energy Services  $                  723,080
323 Twin Butte Energy Light  $                  698,470
324 Oando Energy  $                  696,850
325 Triangle Petroleum Corporation  $                  693,540
326 Painted Pony Petroleum  $                  682,240
327 Deethree Explora  $                  676,630
328 Savanna Energy Services Corporation  $                  670,390
329 Goodrich Petroleum Corporation  $                  630,890
330 Western Energy Service  $                  624,540
331 Canacol Energy Ltd J  $                  612,650
332 Savanna Energy Services  $                  609,650
333 Sunshine Oilsands Ltd Class A J  $                  608,590
334 Long Run Exploration Ltd  $                  564,310
335 Resolute Energy Corporation  $                  553,690
336 Canacol Energy Ltd  $                  553,450
337 Mart Resources Incorporated  $                  549,130
338 Transglobe Energy Corporation Ord  $                  545,320
339 Sunshine Oilsands Light  $                  525,950
340 Long Run Exploration  $                  510,300
341 Cequence Energy Ltd  $                  506,200
342 Pacific Coast Oil Trust  $                  498,880
343 Vantage Drilling Company Ord  $                  481,610
344 Storm Resources Ltd  $                  474,220
345 Phx Energy Services  $                  472,890
346 Mid Con Energy Partners LP  $                  472,510
347 Sandridge Permian Trust  $                  470,530
348 Xcite Energy Ltd  $                  465,570
349 Cequence Energy Ltd  $                  455,580
350 Emerald Oil Incorporated  $                  438,790
351 Storm Resources Ltd  $                  437,810
352 Vaalco Energy Incorporated  $                  434,900
353 Swift Energy Company  $                  433,010
354 Quicksilver Resources Inc  $                  430,580
355 Phx Energy Services  $                  429,640
356 Westernzagros Resources Ltd  $                  418,090
357 Xcite Energy Ltd  $                  416,670
358 Evolution Petroleum Corporation  $                  404,940
359 Delphi Energy Corporation  $                  399,960
360 Delphi Energy Corporation  $                  372,170
361 Isramco Incorporated  $                  370,330
362 Abraxas Petroleum Corporation  $                  367,550
363 Westernagros Resources Ltd  $                  365,830
364 Shamaran Petroleum Corporation  $                  364,940
365 Xtreme DRILL&COIL J  $                  357,720
366 Chesapeake Granite Washington Trust  $                  356,230
367 Bpz Resources Incorporated  $                  355,810
368 Petroquest Energy Incorporated  $                  354,630
369 Panhandle Oil and Gas Incorporated  $                  348,430
370 Ring Energy Incorporated  $                  346,640
371 Lrr Energy LP  $                  343,580
372 Midstates Petroleum Company Incorporated  $                  343,400
373 Renegade Petroleum Ltd  $                  339,260
374 Questerre Energy Corporation  $                  338,950
375 Warren Resources Incorporated  $                  337,630
376 Shamaran Petroleum  $                  332,500
377 Callon Petroleum Company Del  $                  328,980
378 Xtreme Drilling And  $                  325,480
379 Gastar Exploration Incorporated  $                  321,370
380 Crocotta Energy Incorporated  $                  321,110
381 Questerre Energy  $                  309,820
382 Geopark Ltd  $                  305,810
383 Chinook Energy INC.  $                  299,860
384 Renegade Petroleum Ltd  $                  299,280
385 Bnk Petroleum INC. J  $                  291,140
386 Crocotta Energy  $                  286,770
387 Reservoir Minerals Incorporated  $                  281,030
388 MV Oil Trust  $                  280,250
389 Sandridge Mississippian Trust II  $                  277,470
390 Americas Petrogas Incorporated  $                  272,090
391 Chinook Energy Incorporated  $                  266,240
392 Akita Drill Class A NV  $                  264,840
393 Artek Exploration J  $                  261,990
394 Bnk Petroleum Incorporated  $                  261,930
395 Cypress Energy Partners LP  $                  260,650
396 Tamarack Valley Energy Ltd  $                  258,550
397 Zargon Oil & Gas Ltd  $                  256,110
398 Miller Energy Resources Incorporated  $                  254,260
399 Reservoir Minerals I  $                  249,210
400 Artek Exploration Ltd  $                  244,700
401 Americas Petrogas  $                  244,460
402 Sprott Resource Corporation  $                  243,070
403 Whiting Usa Trust II  $                  240,860
404 Akita Drilling Ltd N  $                  236,260
405 Spyglass Resources Corporation  $                  233,100
406 Zargon Oil & Gas  $                  232,210
407 Tamarack Valley Ener  $                  230,710
408 Madalena Energy Incorporated  $                  230,310
409 Gear Energy Ltd  $                  224,460
410 Reparo Energy Partne  $                  222,000
411 Sprott Resource Corporation  $                  219,450
412 Forest Oil Corporation  $                  219,100
413 Rock Energy Incorporated  $                  212,940
414 Madalena Energy  $                  209,990
415 Spyglass Resources  $                  207,360
416 New Source Energy Partners LP  $                  204,910
417 Perpetual Energy Incorporated  $                  201,950
418 Genie Energy Ltd  $                  199,630
419 Rock Energy Incorporated  $                  197,620
420 Gear Energy  $                  196,080
421 Cross Timbers Royalty Trust  $                  191,040
422 Tag Oil LTD. J  $                  187,360
423 Iona Energy Incorporated  $                  187,080
424 Sterling Resources Ltd  $                  185,770
425 Perpetual Energy Industries  $                  182,650
426 Epsilon Energy Ltd J  $                  179,520
427 FX Energy Incorporated  $                  178,990
428 Equal Energy LTD.  $                  178,850
429 Petroamerica Oil Corporation  $                  177,570
430 Niko Resources Ltd  $                  177,560
431 Jones Energy Incorporated  $                  174,000
432 Manitok Energy INC.  $                  169,990
433 Corridor Resources  $                  168,980
434 Tag Oil Ltd  $                  168,760
435 Iona Energy Incorporated  $                  167,640
436 Sterling Resources L  $                  167,410
437 Falcon Oil & Gas Ltd  $                  165,880
438 Epsilon Energy  $                  163,430
439 Niko Resources Ltd  $                  162,160
440 Equal Energy Ltd  $                  161,040
441 Endeavor International Corporation  $                  159,580
442 Harvest Natural Resources Incorporated  $                  158,310
443 Tethys Petroleum J  $                  158,160
444 Santonia Energy H  $                  156,820
445 Petroamerica Oil  $                  155,970
446 Sandridge Mississippian Trust I  $                  155,400
447 Cathedral Engy Services  $                  153,790
448 Manitok Energy Incorporated  $                  152,470
449 Falcon Oil & Gas Ltd  $                  150,210
450 Hrt Participacoes EM Petroleo SA  $                  139,810
451 Cathedral Energy Service  $                  139,170
452 Petromanas Energy INC.  $                  138,740
453 US Energy Corporation  $                  137,850
454 Apco Oil and Gas International O  $                  135,550
455 Yangarra Resources Ltd  $                  135,350
456 Santonia Energy  $                  135,150
457 Primeenergy Corporation  $                  132,330
458 Calvalley Petroleum A J  $                  129,340
459 Strategic Oil  $                  129,000
460 Petromanas Energy  $                  126,250
461 American Eagle Energy Corporation  $                  126,090
462 Hrt Participacoes EM  $                  124,940
463 Yoho Resources Incorporated  $                  124,070
464 Yangarra Resources Ltd  $                  123,370
465 Prd Energy Incorporated  $                  118,220
466 North Atlantic Drilling Ltd  $                  116,630
467 Yoho Resources Incorporated  $                  115,910
468 US Oil Sands Incorporated  $                  115,170
469 Strategic Oil & Gas  $                  114,660
470 Donnycreek Energy Incorporated  $                  113,910
471 Condor Petroleum Incorporated New  $                  108,130
472 Pacific Rodera Energ  $                  107,090
473 Lynden Energy Corporation  $                  106,010
474 Sthrn Pacific Resources J  $                  105,460
475 Arsenal Energy J  $                  103,300
476 Donnycreek Energy  $                  102,970
477 Raise Production Incorporated  $                  101,730
478 Pan Orient Energy Corporation  $                    99,900
479 Connacher Oil & Gas Ltd  $                    99,390
480 US Oil Sands Incorporated  $                    98,110
481 Lynden Energy Corporation  $                    96,960
482 Arsenal Energy New  $                    93,000
483 Raise Production Incorporated  $                    92,850
484 Contact Exploration Incorporated  $                    91,990
485 Alvopetro Energy Ltd  $                    90,280
486 Pan Orient Energy Company  $                    89,640
487 Southern Pacific Resources  $                    89,140
488 Connacher Oil & Gas  $                    87,640
489 Contact Exploration Incorporated  $                    85,400
490 Alvopetro Energy  $                    82,190
491 Zaza Energy Corporation  $                    81,860
492 Torchlight Energy Resources Incorporated  $                    76,460
493 Marquee Energy Ltd  $                    76,040
494 Marqueee Energy Ltd  $                    68,270
495 Constellation Energy Partners LL  $                    66,890
496 Primeline Energy Holdings Incorporated  $                    66,460
497 Lilis Energy Incorporated  $                    65,050
498 Zion Oil & Gas Incorporated  $                    64,250
499 Magellan Petroleum  $                    63,490
500 Greenfields Petroleum Corporation  $                    63,460
501 Samson Oil & Gas Ltd Adrs Adrs  $                    59,870
502 Cub Energy Incorporated  $                    57,670
503 Ivanhoe Energy Incorporated  $                    57,410
504 Mgm Energy Corporation  $                    56,380
505 Dominion Resources Black Warrior Trust  $                    55,500
506 Petrolia Incorporated  $                    54,400
507 Pedevco CORP. Common S  $                    53,760
508 Serica Energy Ord J  $                    52,540
509 Cub Energy Incorporated  $                    51,750
510 Mgm Energy Corporation  $                    50,550
511 Petrolia Incorporated  $                    49,170
512 Oil Sands Sector UN  $                    47,920
513 Spartan Energy Corporation  $                    47,380
514 Strata X Energy Ltd  $                    45,430
515 Serica Energy Plc  $                    45,030
516 Anderson Energy Ltd  $                    44,860
517 Dejour Energy Incorporated J  $                    44,440
518 Hemisphere Energy Corporation  $                    44,140
519 Traverse Energy Ltd  $                    44,110
520 Canadian Spirit Resources Incorporated  $                    43,550
521 Royale Energy Incorporated  $                    43,480
522 Lgx Oil and Gas Incorporated  $                    43,440
523 Strata-x Energy Ltd  $                    42,870
524 Spartan Energy Corporation  $                    40,950
525 Dejour Energy Incorporated  $                    40,930
526 Terra Energy Corporation  $                    40,530
527 Oil Sands Sector Fund  $                    40,500
528 Hyperdynamics Corporation  $                    39,360
529 Petroshale Incorporated  $                    39,160
530 Postrock Energy Corporation  $                    39,050
531 Saratoga Resources Incorporated  $                    38,990
532 Anderson Energy Ltd  $                    38,380
533 Suroco Energy Incorporated  $                    38,280
534 Fieldpoint Petroleum Corporation  $                    38,150
535 Lgx Oil Gas  $                    38,120
536 Canamax Energy Ltd  $                    38,030
537 Canadian Spirit Resources  $                    38,010
538 Stream Oil and Gas Ltd  $                    37,980
539 Earthstone Energy Incorporated  $                    37,930
540 Valeura Energy Incorporated J  $                    37,640
541 Traverse Energy  $                    37,130
542 Petrobank Energy & Resources Ltd  $                    37,040
543 New Zealand Energy Corporation  $                    36,740
544 Terra Energy Corporation  $                    36,370
545 Pinecrest Energy INC.  $                    35,840
546 Junex Incorporated  $                    35,750
547 Ceiba Energy Services Incorporated  $                    35,440
548 New Zealand Energy C  $                    35,030
549 Taipan Resources Incorporated  $                    34,120
550 Stream Oil & Gas  $                    33,850
551 Suroco Energy Incorporated  $                    33,720
552 Canamax Energy  $                    33,600
553 Valeura Energy Incorporated  $                    33,410
554 Houston American Energy Corporation  $                    33,390
555 Energulf Resources Incorporated  $                    33,370
556 Junex Incorporated  $                    33,100
557 Alberta Oilsands Incorporated  $                    32,780
558 Double Eagle Pet Company  $                    32,740
559 Pinecrest Energy Incorporated  $                    32,580
560 Horn Petroleum Corporation  $                    32,440
561 Petrobank Energy & R  $                    32,400
562 Marine Petroleum Trust Units  $                    31,960
563 Lexam VG Gold Incorporated  $                    31,720
564 East West Petroleum Corporation  $                    30,760
565 Energulf Resources Incorporated  $                    30,560
566 Taipan Resources  $                    30,110
567 Pyramid Oil Company  $                    29,530
568 Alberta Oilsands Incorporated  $                    29,400
569 Lexam VG Gold Incorporated  $                    29,210
570 Bengal Energy Ltd  $                    28,650
571 Caza Oil & Gas J  $                    28,550
572 Sea Dragon Energy Incorporated  $                    28,230
573 Sonde Resources Corporation  $                    28,040
574 Tengasco Incorporated  $                    27,990
575 Petroshale Incorporated  $                    27,330
576 Horn Petroleum  $                    27,310
577 Easts West Petroleum  $                    27,050
578 Keek Incorporated  $                    26,680
579 Barnwell Industries  $                    25,820
580 Eaglewood Energy Incorporated  $                    25,340
581 Bengal Energy Ltd  $                    25,240
582 Wilton Resources Incorporated  $                    25,030
583 Touchstone Exploration Incorporated  $                    25,010
584 Sonde Resources Corporation  $                    24,780
585 Caza Oil & Gas Incorporated  $                    24,630
586 Arcan Resources Ltd  $                    24,460
587 Talon Metals CORP. J  $                    23,940
588 Touchstone Explor  $                    23,890
589 Primary Petroleum  $                    23,710
590 Talon Metal Corporation  $                    23,330
591 Eaglewood Energy Incorporated  $                    22,800
592 Dualex Energy International Incorporated  $                    22,670
593 Sea Dragon Energy  $                    22,590
594 Arcan Resources Ltd  $                    22,510
595 Azabache Energy INC.  $                    22,300
596 Rooster Energy Ltd  $                    22,220
597 Altima Resources Ltd  $                    22,100
598 Questfire Energy Corporation Class A  $                    22,040
599 Petrofrontier Corporation  $                    21,890
600 Dualex Energy International  $                    21,260
601 Lucas Energy Incorporated New  $                    21,240
602 Northern Spirit Resources Incorporated  $                    20,600
603 Petrodo Energy  $                    20,460
604 Montana Exploration  $                    20,380
605 Saccharum Energy Corporation  $                    20,380
606 Rooster Energy Ltd  $                    20,120
607 High North Resources Ltd  $                    20,100
608 Waldron Enegry J  $                    20,040
609 Jura Energy Corporation J  $                    20,030
610 Reparo Energy Partners Corporation  $                    20,020
611 Petrofrontier Corporation  $                    19,760
612 Petrodorado Energy Ltd  $                    19,300
613 Altima Resources Ltd  $                    19,260
614 Edge Resources Incorporated  $                    18,840
615 Petra Petroleum Incorporated  $                    18,820
616 Montana Exploration Corporation  $                    18,360
617 Azabache Energy Incorporated  $                    18,350
618 Canada Energy Partners  $                    17,960
619 Eco Atlantic Oil and Gas Ltd  $                    17,930
620 Kombat Copper Incorporated  $                    17,930
621 Petrolympic Ltd  $                    17,680
622 Aroway Energy Incorporated  $                    17,600
623 Anterra Energy INC. Class A  $                    17,390
624 Kombat Copper Incorporated  $                    17,340
625 Zodiac Exploration INC.  $                    17,280
626 Cgx Energy Incorporated  $                    17,200
627 High North  $                    17,190
628 Kingsland Energy Corporation  $                    17,120
629 Simba Energy INC.  $                    16,990
630 Eco Atlantic  $                    16,960
631 Aroway Energy Incorporated  $                    16,900
632 Shoreline Energy J  $                    16,680
633 Border Petroleum Ltd  $                    16,650
634 Waldron Energy Corporation  $                    16,460
635 Jura Energy Corporat  $                    16,300
636 Petrolympic Ltd  $                    16,180
637 Edge Resources  $                    16,150
638 Candax Energy Incorporated  $                    16,020
639 Silverwillow Energy Corporation  $                    15,870
640 Simba Energy Incorporated  $                    15,860
641 Blackbird Energy Incorporated  $                    15,760
642 James Bay Resources Ltd  $                    15,580
643 Cgx Energy Incorporated  $                    15,470
644 Mexico Energy Corporation  $                    15,180
645 Wi2wi Corporation  $                    14,970
646 Euromax Resources Ltd  $                    14,940
647 Shoreline Energy  $                    14,740
648 Canada Energy Partners Incorporated  $                    14,730
649 Wi2wi Corporation  $                    14,720
650 Zodiac Exploration Incorporated  $                    14,690
651 Euromax Resources Ltd  $                    14,590
652 Shoreline Energy Corporation 9.25 Debe  $                    14,450
653 Anterra Energy Incorporated  $                    14,260
654 Silverwillow Energy  $                    14,070
655 Palliser Oil & Gas C  $                    13,960
656 Oyster Oil and Gas Ltd  $                    13,950
657 Blackbird Energy Incorporated  $                    13,870
658 Antrim Energy Incorporated  $                    13,850
659 Amarok Energy Incorporated  $                    13,050
660 Quattro Exploration and Producti  $                    12,420
661 Silvermet Incorporated  $                    12,340
662 Petrichor Energy Incorporated  $                    12,280
663 Palliser Oil and Gas Corporation  $                    11,500
664 Candax Energy Incorporated  $                    11,110
665 Antrim Energy Incorporated  $                    11,080
666 Raimount Energy Incorporated  $                    11,050
667 Vanoil Energy Ltd  $                    10,520
668 Mnp Petroleum Corporation  $                    10,360
669 Transeuro Energy Corporation  $                    10,360
670 Heritage Oil Exchg J  $                    10,300
671 Mnp Petroleum Corporation  $                    10,010
672 Tyner Resources Ltd  $                       9,970
673 Vanoil Energy Ltd  $                       9,240
674 Ironhorse Oil & Gas  $                       9,200
675 Phoenix Canada Oil C  $                       8,930
676 Petroleum One Energy Corporation  $                       8,830
677 Petroleum One Energy Cor  $                       8,720
678 Marksmen Energy Incorporated Common  $                       8,690
679 Petrichor Energy Incorporated  $                       8,690
680 Westbridge Energy Corporation  $                       8,680
681 Archer Petroleum Corporation  $                       8,660
682 Arpetrol Ltd  $                       8,590
683 Phoenix Canada Oil Company Ltd  $                       8,340
684 Ironhorse Oil & Gas Incorporated  $                       8,220
685 Orsu Metals CORP. J  $                       8,220
686 Mcchip Resources Incorporated  $                       8,210
687 Caiterra International Energy Corporatio  $                       8,070
688 Westbridge Energy  $                       8,060
689 Transeuro Energy Cor  $                       7,940
690 Golconda Resources Ltd  $                       7,880
691 Tyner Resources Ltd  $                       7,800
692 Tuscany Energy Ltd  $                       7,740
693 Transition Metals Corporation  $                       7,730
694 Atikwa Resources Incorporated  $                       7,660
695 Tribute Resources Incorporated  $                       7,540
696 Mcchip Resources Incorporated  $                       7,380
697 Cbm Asia Development Corporation  $                       7,310
698 Esrey Energy Ltd  $                       7,200
699 Tuscany Energy Ltd  $                       7,190
700 Brownstone Energy IN  $                       7,010
701 Esrey Energy Ltd  $                       6,860
702 Donnybrook Energy Incorporated  $                       6,840
703 Silvermet Incorporated  $                       6,790
704 Golconda Resources Ltd  $                       6,680
705 Exall Energy CORP. J  $                       6,660
706 Terra Nova Energy Ltd  $                       6,630
707 Orsu Metals Corporation  $                       6,580
708 Donnybrook Energy  $                       6,530
709 North Sea Energy Incorporated  $                       6,520
710 Brownstone Energy Incorporated  $                       6,490
711 International Frontier Resources Company  $                       6,420
712 International Frontier Resources  $                       6,360
713 Relentless Resources Ltd  $                       6,000
714 Petroleum Vista Energy Corporation  $                       5,890
715 Longreach Oil and Gas Ltd  $                       5,870
716 Exall Energy Common  $                       5,830
717 Solar Vest Bioenergy Incorporated  $                       5,650
718 Emerald Bay Energy Incorporated  $                       5,630
719 Kallisto Energy Corporation  $                       5,610
720 Passport Energy Ltd  $                       5,580
721 Kallisto Energy  $                       5,520
722 Archer Petroleum  $                       5,510
723 Cbm Asia Development Corporation  $                       5,480
724 Oil Optimization Incorporated  $                       5,480
725 Terra Nova Energy  $                       5,310
726 Marksmen Energy Incorporated  $                       5,300
727 Lateral Capital Corporation  $                       5,140
728 Longreach Oil  $                       5,090
729 Petroleum Vista Energy  $                       5,090
730 Metalore Resources Ltd  $                       5,060
731 Altai Resources Incorporated  $                       4,960
732 Pan African Oil Ltd  $                       4,960
733 Stetson Oil  $                       4,950
734 Alston Energy Incorporated  $                       4,920
735 Alberta Star Development Corporation  $                       4,680
736 Blacksteel Energy Incorporated  $                       4,680
737 Gale Force Petroleum  $                       4,550
738 Gale Force Petroleum Incorporated  $                       4,550
739 Palo Duro Energy Incorporated  $                       4,510
740 Stetson Oil and Gas  $                       4,510
741 Metalore Resources L  $                       4,500
742 Petrostar Petroleum Corporation  $                       4,480
743 Canada Strategic Metals Incorporated  $                       4,460
744 Butte Energy Incorporated  $                       4,370
745 Blackdog Resources Ltd  $                       4,350
746 Hawk Exploration LTD. CL. B  $                       4,320
747 Nextraction Energy  $                       4,250
748 New Concept Energy Incorporated  $                       4,210
749 North Sea Energy  $                       4,210
750 Cobra Venture Corporation  $                       4,140
751 Horizon Petroleum Plc  $                       4,140
752 Canada Strategic Met  $                       4,100
753 Volcanic Metals Corporation  $                       4,100
754 Western Plains Petroleum  $                       4,090
755 Alberta Star Develoment Corporation  $                       4,080
756 Altai Resources Incorporated  $                       4,060
757 Maxim Resources Incorporated  $                       4,000
758 Oracle Energy Corporation  $                       3,950
759 Passport Energy Ltd  $                       3,850
760 Nextraction Energy Corporation  $                       3,820
761 Mooncor Oil and Gas Corporation  $                       3,750
762 First Mountain Exp  $                       3,720
763 Hellix Ventures Incorporated  $                       3,720
764 Hellix Ventures Incorporated  $                       3,720
765 Sagres Energy Incorporated  $                       3,720
766 Copper North Mining Corporation  $                       3,630
767 First Mountain Exploration Ltd  $                       3,560
768 Cypress Hills Resources Corporation  $                       3,520
769 Caspian Energy Incorporated  $                       3,450
770 Blackdog Resources Ltd  $                       3,420
771 Petrostar Petroleum  $                       3,410
772 Redwater Energy Corporation  $                       3,400
773 Tanager Energy Incorporated  $                       3,390
774 Explor Knick Incorporated  $                       3,370
775 Hillcrest Resources Ltd  $                       3,360
776 Brs Resources Ltd  $                       3,270
777 Greencastle Resources Ltd  $                       3,230
778 Brs Resources Ltd  $                       3,160
779 Solimar Energy Ltd  $                       3,150
780 Mira Resources Corporation  $                       3,140
781 Standard Exploration LTD.  $                       3,110
782 Cobra Venture Corporation  $                       3,030
783 Prince Resource Corporation  $                       3,030
784 Mooncor Oil & Gas  $                       3,000
785 Groundstar Resources Ltd  $                       2,930
786 Volcanic Metals Corporation  $                       2,930
787 Marauder Resources East Coast Incorporat  $                       2,920
788 Oracle Energy Corporation  $                       2,920
789 Maxim Resources Ltd  $                       2,910
790 Aurion Resources Ltd  $                       2,890
791 Saxon Oil Company Ltd  $                       2,870
792 Trinity Valley Energ  $                       2,850
793 Kfg Resources Ltd  $                       2,780
794 Canadian Quantum Energy Corporat  $                       2,750
795 Newcastle Energy Cor  $                       2,730
796 Copper North Mng Cor  $                       2,690
797 Groundstar Resources  $                       2,690
798 Blackhawk Resource Corporation  $                       2,660
799 Abenteuer Resources Common  $                       2,640
800 Greencastle Resource  $                       2,630
801 Bnp Resources Incorporated Class A  $                       2,600
802 Medgold Resources Corporation  $                       2,560
803 Ripper Oil and Gas Incorporated  $                       2,520
804 Oil Optimization Incorporated  $                       2,490
805 Standard Explora Ltd  $                       2,490
806 Aurion Resources Ltd  $                       2,470
807 Matachewan Cons Mines  $                       2,430
808 Vast Exploration Incorporated  $                       2,420
809 Redwater Energy Corporation  $                       2,410
810 Saxon Oil Company  $                       2,400
811 Pennant Energy Incorporated  $                       2,390
812 Brookemont Capital Incorporated  $                       2,370
813 Horizon Petroleum  $                       2,370
814 Sabre Graphite Corporation  $                       2,350
815 Pennant Energy Incorporated  $                       2,340
816 Vulcan Minerals Incorporated  $                       2,340
817 Marauder Resources East  $                       2,330
818 Huntington Exploration Incorporated  $                       2,250
819 Canoel International Energy Ltd  $                       2,230
820 Tower Resources Ltd  $                       2,200
821 Canadian Quantum Ene  $                       2,170
822 Matachewan Cons Mine  $                       2,140
823 Petromin Resources Ltd  $                       2,130
824 Brookemont Capital Incorporated  $                       2,030
825 Sunset Pacific Petroleum Ltd  $                       2,020
826 Abenteuer Resources Corporation  $                       2,010
827 Jadela Oil Corporation  $                       1,990
828 Porto Energy Corporation  $                       1,990
829 Nordic Oil & Gas Ltd  $                       1,920
830 Magnum Energy  $                       1,910
831 Knick Exploration Incorporated  $                       1,900
832 Tearlach Resources L  $                       1,880
833 Sonoro Energy Ltd  $                       1,850
834 Blackhawk Resources Corporation  $                       1,840
835 Mira Resources  $                       1,820
836 Tearlach Resources Ltd  $                       1,810
837 Vulcan Minerals Incorporated  $                       1,810
838 Jadela Oil  $                       1,790
839 Canoel  $                       1,710
840 Newcastle Energy Corporation  $                       1,710
841 Transamerican Energy  $                       1,700
842 Solara Exploration LTD. CL.A  $                       1,630
843 Fairwest Energy Corporation  $                       1,600
844 Porto Energy Corporation  $                       1,590
845 Brixton Energy  $                       1,560
846 Trinity Valley Energy Corporation  $                       1,540
847 Great Atlantic Resou  $                       1,530
848 Tower Resources Ltd  $                       1,490
849 Sonoro Energy Ltd  $                       1,480
850 Panterra Resource Corporation  $                       1,440
851 Atikwa Resources Incorporated  $                       1,430
852 Vast Exploration Incorporated  $                       1,420
853 Reef Resources Ltd  $                       1,410
854 Running Fox Resource  $                       1,400
855 Panterra Resource Corporation  $                       1,380
856 Running Fox Resource Corporation  $                       1,370
857 Doxa Energy LTD.  $                       1,360
858 Georox Resources Incorporated  $                       1,360
859 Georox Resources Incorporated  $                       1,360
860 Wellstar Energy Corporation  $                       1,360
861 Devin Energy Corporation F  $                       1,350
862 Gordon Creek Energy Incorporated  $                       1,350
863 Mena Hydrocarbons  $                       1,330
864 Mena Hydrocarbons Incorporated  $                       1,330
865 Magnum Energy Incorporated  $                       1,320
866 Golden Cariboo Resou  $                       1,290
867 Strikewell Energy Corporation  $                       1,290
868 Forest Gate Energy Incorporated  $                       1,260
869 Pacific Paradym Energy Incorporated  $                       1,230
870 Landdrill International Incorporated  $                       1,220
871 Great Atlantic Resources Corporation  $                       1,200
872 Loon Energy Corporation  $                       1,200
873 Eastsiberian Plc  $                       1,180
874 Tmt Resources Incorporated  $                       1,160
875 Arpetrol Ltd  $                       1,150
876 Paris Energy Incorporated  $                       1,150
877 Strikewell Energy Company  $                       1,150
878 Border Petroleum Light  $                       1,130
879 Transamerican Energy Incorporated  $                       1,130
880 Afrasia Mineral Fields Incorporated  $                       1,100
881 Century Energy Ltd  $                       1,100
882 Xxl Energy Corporation  $                       1,090
883 Rodinia Oil CORP.  $                       1,070
884 Summus Solutions NV  $                       1,050
885 Eastsiberian Plc  $                              -  
886 Petroamerica Oil  $                              -  
887 Petroamerica Oil WT  $                              -  
888 Petromanas Energy IN  $                              -  
889 Reef  $                              -  
890 Santa Maria Petroleum Incorporated  $                              -  
891 Transatlantic Petroleum Ltd  $                              -  
892 Wind River Energy Corporation  $                              -